Applying TRL Calibration for Noncoaxial Measurements
Utilizing TRL calibration to obtain noncoaxial measurements provides the easiest and most accurate readings.
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Resonant Frequency vs. Natural Frequency in Oscillator Circuits
Some engineers still use resonant frequency and natural frequency interchangeably, but they are not always the same. Here’s why damping is important.
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What is RMS Noise and How Does it Compare to the Standard Deviation?
The effects of RMS Noise on electronic circuits is an inevitable conclusion, but through design it can be mitigated.
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CMOS Differential Amplifier Uses and Layout in Your PCB
A CMOS differential amplifier can provide high noise immunity high bandwidth for differential signals in your next board.
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Forward Converter Circuit Design and Analysis
Here’s what you need to know about a forward converter and how to model its behavior in a SPICE simulator.
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High Speed and RF PCB Routing Best Practices
Understanding the various techniques needed for high speed and RF PCB routing requirements is the key to designing successful high speed printed circuit boards.
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Matched Terminations Help Avoid Impedance Issues
Don’t overlook matched terminations when you’re considering noise, impedance, and other voltage concerns in your pcb design.
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De-embedding S parameters for Simulations and Measurements
De-embedding S parameters can be a major help in circuit design and signal integrity measurements in cascaded networks.
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Printed Circuit Board: An Introduction and the Basics of Printed Circuit Boards
There are a lot of steps involved in the design and manufacturing of a printed circuit board. Here we will describe these basic steps to outline the process.
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Best PCB Routing Methods for BGA Escape Routing
The best way to set up your high-density boards for effective routing is to plan your BGA escape routing patterns first. Here are some tips on how to do that.
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Identifying Noise Sources to Reduce the Noise Floor in Your PCB
If noise is a problem in your device, you’ll need to measure or calculate the noise floor to determine minimum measurable signal levels in your board.
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Even and Odd Mode Impedance in Transmission Lines
If you’re next PCB will include transmission lines, then you’ll need to consider the even and odd mode impedance for accurate termination.
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Advanced Circuit Routing Techniques for Innovative PCB Designs
The key to successfully creating printed circuit board designs for new and emerging technologies is to leverage advanced circuit routing techniques.
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Fr4 PCB Traces: Fr4 Material Properties and Board Specifications
For an understanding of Fr4 PCBs, you’ll want to consider Fr4 PCB properties and relationships like materials, thickness, and trace management.
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Learn Ethernet PCB Routing to Optimize Circuit Routing Practices
Ethernet PCB routing demands, like other PCB routing guidelines, an understanding of trace widths and impedance matching.
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How the Thermal Conductivity of Your PCB Substrate Affects Performance
Here’s what you need to know about the thermal conductivity of your PCB substrate, how it affects your board’s operation, and thermal management techniques.
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Harmonic Oscillator Analysis in the Frequency Domain
Here’s what you need to know about linear and nonlinear oscillator analysis in the frequency domain.
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Speed of Convergence for Numerical Simulation Algorithms
There is a tradeoff between accuracy and speed of convergence in any simulation. Here’s what you need to know about convergence in electromagnetic simulations.
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Dielectric Constant of PCB Substrate Materials and Signal Integrity
The dielectric constant of PCB substrate materials is often taken for granted. Here’s how it affects signal integrity in your board.
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Constraints in DDR Routing: The Expansive Power of Limits
Constraints in DDR routing enable a designer to manage tricky layout considerations with ease.
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